Debunking Brain Health Myths: Insights from ‘Optimizing the Adult Brain’

The brain is one of the most intricate and vital organs in the human body, yet many misconceptions about brain health persist. During the recent “Optimizing the Adult Brain” public talk, experts in neuroscience, psychiatry, and community health addressed some of these myths, offering evidence-based perspectives to guide us toward lifelong brain wellness.

Myth 1: Brain health is only important in old age

Fact: Brain health matters at every stage of life.

Inez Jabalpurwala, executive leader of the Brain Health Nexus and President and CEO of the Public Policy Forum, highlighted three pivotal shifts in our understanding of brain health over the past two decades:

A move from fragmented, siloed approaches to a holistic understanding of the brain as an interconnected system.

Growing recognition of how lifestyle and environmental factors shape brain health.

Transition from a deficit-based model to one that promotes proactive care and wellness, where brain health is not defined solely by the absence of disease but by active thriving.

A key theme of the event was the shift from treating diseases in older age to fostering brain wellness throughout life.

“Brain health is not just about avoiding disease—it’s about thriving throughout life.” – Inez Jabalpurwala

Jabalpurwala stressed that lifestyle choices made early in life profoundly impact brain health later on, making proactive action essential.

Myth 2: Rest is the only way to recover from a concussion

Fact: Controlled physical activity can aid recovery.

Conventional wisdom long held that complete rest was the best way to recover from a concussion. However, Dr. John Leddy, a clinical professor and sports medicine physician at the University at Buffalo, explained that carefully managed physical activity can promote recovery.

“Movement, when carefully managed, can actually accelerate concussion recovery.”
– Dr. John Leddy

Dr. Leddy’s work, part of OBI’s TRANSCENDENT program, is paving the way for innovative approaches to concussion recovery and treatment of post-concussion syndrome.

Myth 3: Concussions lead to Alzheimer’s disease

Fact: While traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) can increase dementia risk, concussions rarely do.

Dr. Leddy explained that while there is no direct evidence linking concussions to Alzheimer’s, more severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI)—such as those involving comas or brain bleeds—are known risk factors for dementia. Concussions, however, are more commonly associated with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), especially in athletes who experience repeated head impacts.

“For those who have experienced one or two concussions, such as in high school or recreational sports, there’s no significant cause for concern about Alzheimer’s unless other risk factors—such as genetics, depression, or metabolic diseases—are present.”
— Dr. John Leddy

Myth 4: Lifestyle changes don’t significantly impact brain health

Fact: Lifestyle medicine is transforming mental health care.

Dr. Fabiano Gomes, assistant professor in Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences at McMaster University, academic psychiatrist at St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, and member of the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression (CAN-BIND) program, highlighted how cardiovascular health, diet, and exercise can significantly improve brain function, particularly in individuals with mood disorders like depression. Dr. Gomes pointed to the growing role of lifestyle medicine in mental health care, where simple changes—such as better nutrition and regular exercise—can mitigate the accelerated aging often seen in individuals living with depression.

“Simple lifestyle changes can slow accelerated brain aging seen in conditions like depression.”
– Dr. Fabiano Gomes

Myth 5: Meditation is just about relaxation

Fact: Meditation trains the brain for better focus and resilience.

Ariel Garten, creator of the Muse headband, showcased how wearable EEG technology is transforming mental health care. The Muse provides real-time feedback during meditation, enabling users to monitor and enhance their mental well-being by offering audio cues based on brain activity, helping them gain greater control over focus and relaxation.

“Meditation helps people recognize and redirect unhelpful thought patterns, boosting focus
and mental health.”
– Ariel Garten

This practice has significant benefits not only for mental health but also for physical well-being. By reducing stress, calming physiological responses, and cultivating mindfulness, meditation can enhance overall health. With the use of tools like Muse, meditation can become a proactive way to protect and optimize brain health.

Myth 6: Psychedelics are a proven solution for mental health conditions

Fact: Psychedelic treatments are promising but still under research.

Dr. Gomes shared insights into Canada’s leadership in modern psychedelic research, particularly for treatment-resistant depression. While early studies show promise, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to fully understand their therapeutic potential.

“Psychedelics show potential, but we must approach them with caution. Research is still in its early stages, and we need rigorous studies to ensure safety and efficacy.”
— Dr. Fabiano Gomes

When asked about the importance of “efficacy” and “safety” in clinical research, Dr. Gomes explained that efficacy refers to whether a treatment works better than a placebo or standard care, while safety evaluates the risk of side effects or harm. In the case of psychedelics, measuring efficacy is challenging due to the difficulty in blinding participants to the effects, making it harder to control for bias.

Myth 7: Brain disorders are best managed with medication alone

Fact: Managing conditions like bipolar disorder involves more than medication.

Dr. Gomes pointed to the importance of stabilizing biological rhythms—such as sleep, appetite, and daily routines—alongside mood stabilizers. Avoiding substances like alcohol and focusing on holistic care can lead to better outcomes. Resources like Hope + Me and CREST.BD are invaluable for providing support beyond pharmacological treatments.

Myth 8: Mental health care is one-size-fits-all

Fact: Equitable and culturally sensitive care is essential.

Andrew Kcomt of Hope + Me and Elise Herzig of JIAS Toronto emphasized the importance of tailoring mental health care to reflect the diversity of the communities it serves. Their insights highlighted how community-specific programs are vital for equitable care.

“Mental health care needs to be as diverse as the communities it serves. For marginalized groups, accessing quality mental health services is a constant struggle.”
— Andrew Kcomt

Elise elaborated on the importance of providing culturally sensitive support and creating safe spaces for newcomers, particularly immigrant women, to discuss their mental health concerns.

“For newcomers, mental health often takes a backseat due to the stress of adjusting to a new environment. It’s crucial that we understand their specific needs and provide tailored support that respects their cultural context.”
— Elise Herzig

Holistic view of brain health

As the event concluded, a central message became evident: optimizing brain health goes beyond treating or preventing diseases—it involves proactive efforts to enhance overall well-being. From advancements in concussion recovery and lifestyle medicine to community resources and innovative technologies like the Muse headband, the discussions pointed to the importance of adopting a holistic approach to brain health.

By integrating cutting-edge scientific research, fostering community collaboration, and embracing innovative technologies, efforts are aimed at helping individuals of all ages improve brain health, recover from injuries, and enhance their quality of life. As the conversation around brain health continues to grow, the commitment to collaboration, education, and innovation promises a brighter future for this field.

This event shattered long-standing myths about brain health, emphasizing the need for a proactive, holistic approach. From lifestyle medicine and meditation to innovative technologies and community-centered care, there are numerous ways to improve brain health at every stage of life.

By debunking myths and embracing evidence-based practices, we can empower individuals to take charge of their brain health and move toward a future of lifelong wellness.

Watch the replay of ‘Optimizing the Adult Brain’ Public Talk’ to explore these insights further.